diff --git a/game/probe/probe_coverage_recorder.gd b/game/probe/probe_coverage_recorder.gd
index c7f2f27f..c13abde8 100644
--- a/game/probe/probe_coverage_recorder.gd
+++ b/game/probe/probe_coverage_recorder.gd
@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ func _seen_into(node: Node, keys: Array[String]) -> void:
 # ---- 落盘（JSONP 式 .js——file:// 页面 <script src> 直载）----
 
 func dump_js() -> void:
+# oracle: design/engineering/test-conventions.md:30 （覆盖登记落盘守卫——判定上报通道组）
 	var dir := DirAccess.open("res://")
 	if dir == null:
 		push_error("[coverage] res:// 打不开，登记未落盘")
diff --git a/tools/coverage_enum.py b/tools/coverage_enum.py
index 882cc6fe..bb8d1e87 100644
--- a/tools/coverage_enum.py
+++ b/tools/coverage_enum.py
@@ -145,7 +145,8 @@ def main() -> int:
     js = "/* 本体对账清单——coverage_enum.py 随跑重生成，人工核销走豁免清单（coverage_exemptions.js），不落本文件。 */\n"
     js += "window.__QA_COVERAGE__ = window.__QA_COVERAGE__ || {};\n"
     js += "window.__QA_COVERAGE__.ontology = %s;\n" % json.dumps(payload, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
-    out.write_text(js, encoding="utf-8", newline="\n")
+    with open(str(out), "w", encoding="utf-8", newline="\n") as fh:
+        fh.write(js)
     gap_total = sum(len(c["gaps"]) for c in payload["categories"])
     print("[ontology] 本体实体 %d / 断言文料行 %d / 缺口 %d（%d 类）→ %s" % (
         len(entities), len(_rows), gap_total, len(payload["categories"]), out))
diff --git a/tools/coverage_receipts.py b/tools/coverage_receipts.py
index c6c3333b..f7265cd6 100644
--- a/tools/coverage_receipts.py
+++ b/tools/coverage_receipts.py
@@ -157,7 +157,8 @@ def main() -> int:
             js += "window.__QA_COVERAGE__.gate_receipts = window.__QA_COVERAGE__.gate_receipts || {};\n"
             js += "window.__QA_COVERAGE__.gate_receipts[%s] = %s;\n" % (
                 json.dumps(key), json.dumps(payload, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2))
-            (out_dir / ("gate_%s.js" % key)).write_text(js, encoding="utf-8", newline="\n")
+            with open(str(out_dir / ("gate_%s.js" % key)), "w", encoding="utf-8", newline="\n") as fh:
+                fh.write(js)
             wrote += 1
             print("[receipts] %s（%s）=%s" % (label, log_name, detail.get("result", "?")))
         except Exception as exc:   # noqa: BLE001 —— 观测件逐层容错，红字可见不静默
@@ -175,7 +176,8 @@ def main() -> int:
     mjs = "/* 探针登记清单——coverage_receipts.py 随跑批按现存文件覆写，勿手编。 */\n"
     mjs += "window.__QA_COVERAGE__ = window.__QA_COVERAGE__ || {};\n"
     mjs += "window.__QA_COVERAGE__.probe_manifest = %s;\n" % json.dumps(manifest, ensure_ascii=False)
-    (out_dir / "probe_manifest.js").write_text(mjs, encoding="utf-8", newline="\n")
+    with open(str(out_dir / "probe_manifest.js"), "w", encoding="utf-8", newline="\n") as fh:
+        fh.write(mjs)
     print("[receipts] 探针登记清单 %d 件 → probe_manifest.js" % len(probe_files))
     return 1 if failed else 0
 
diff --git a/tools/extract_capability_list.py b/tools/extract_capability_list.py
index f1fc445e..ccf82bd3 100644
--- a/tools/extract_capability_list.py
+++ b/tools/extract_capability_list.py
@@ -101,7 +101,8 @@ def dump_js(payload: dict, out: Path) -> None:
     js = "/* 能力清单义务层投影——由 extract_capability_list.py 生成，随 README 变更重跑；人工修订无效（义务源=README 能力清单）。 */\n"
     js += "window.__QA_COVERAGE__ = window.__QA_COVERAGE__ || {};\n"
     js += "window.__QA_COVERAGE__.capability_list = %s;\n" % json.dumps(payload, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
-    out.write_text(js, encoding="utf-8", newline="\n")
+    with open(str(out), "w", encoding="utf-8", newline="\n") as fh:
+        fh.write(js)
 
 
 def main() -> int:
diff --git a/tools/extract_checks.py b/tools/extract_checks.py
index c1344161..1b6f0a8a 100644
--- a/tools/extract_checks.py
+++ b/tools/extract_checks.py
@@ -585,7 +585,9 @@ def main() -> int:
             carry = carry_cells(old_rows)
             print("[extract_checks] 旧清单 %d 行 → 承接指纹 %d 个" % (len(old_rows), len(carry)))
         entries, funcs_by_src = extract_all(src_paths)
-        out.write_text(render_list(entries, funcs_by_src, [p.name for p in src_paths], carry), encoding="utf-8", newline="\n")
+        listing = render_list(entries, funcs_by_src, [p.name for p in src_paths], carry)
+        with open(str(out), "w", encoding="utf-8", newline="\n") as fh:
+            fh.write(listing)
         hitn = sum(1 for e in entries
                    if (fold(e["cond"]), e["label_literal"], fold(e["label_suffix"])) in carry)
         print("[extract_checks] 已生成 %s（%d 个源文件、%d 个调用点、承接回填 %d 行）"